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Hadow (1931)

(page numbers in brackets)

Notes on the text
Preliminary pages (i-xviii)
Membership, Analysis, Preface, Introduction
Chapter I (1-21)
The development of the conception of primary education
Chapter II (22-32)
The physical development of children between 7 and 11
Chapter III (33-58)
The mental development of children between 7 and 11
Chapter IV (59-72)
The age limits for the upper stage of primary education
Chapter V (73-82)
The internal organisation of primary schools
Chapter VI (83-90)
Retarded children in the primary school
Chapter VII (91-106)
The curriculum of the primary school
Chapter VIII (107-115)
The staffing of primary schools and the training of teachers
Chapter IX (116-122)
The premises and equipment of primary schools
Chapter X (123-132)
Examinations in primary schools
Chapter XI (133-149)
Summary of principal conclusions and recommendations
Suggestions (150-206)
on the curriculum of primary schools
Appendix I (207-221)
List of witnesses
Appendix II (222-254)
Physical development of 7-11 year olds (Harris)
Appendix III (254-279)
Mental development of 7-11 year olds (Burt)
Index (280-290)

The Hadow Report (1931)
The Primary School

London: HM Stationery Office

[page 280]

INDEX
PAGE
Ability
    provision in free place examination for various types of129
    range of34, 75, 83
Acts
    Factory acts1
    Mines acts1
    Elementary Education Act 18701, 4, 63
    Elementary Education Act 18801
    Elementary Education Act 190018
    Education Act 190215, 91
    Education Act 191818
    Education Act 192185
    Mental Deficiency Acts84
Adaptation of buildings116
Advisory officers111
Aesthetic development44, 97, 189, 192
All-age schools60, 73, 79
Ament30
Anthologies162
Anthony and Coupin30
Appreciation44, 192
Aptitudes, special196
Aquariums184
Arithmetic175
Arnold, Matthew14
Arrangement of arithmetical computations177
Arrested development of skeletal growth28
Art, elementary189
Art galleries120
Articulation96
Assembly halls117
Association of Education Committees71, 108, 124
Association of Municipal Corporations71, 108
Attention37
Auditory aids to teaching9
Backward children (see also retarded children)85
Barrington, Dr Shute (Bishop of Durham)2
Basketry198
Bell, Rev Dr A2
Bellairs, Rev HW5
Bernard, Sir Thomas2
Bibles and biblical anthologies154
Binet39
Birchenough, Mr C7
Birmingham54
Body build, variations in28

[page 281]

Books
    binding of197
    provision of119, 158
Boots, drying of117
Boy Scout geometry100, 178
Brain, development of29
'Breaks'59, 60, 64, 69
Bridges, Dr Robert98
Bright pupils, provision for in primary schools60, 74, 77, 79
British and Foreign School Society2
British Psychological Society80
Broadcasting121, 188
Brougham, Lord4
Building regulations12, 117
Buildings (see Premises)
Burt, Prof Cyril33, 55, 203, 254
Cartilage28
Causes of retardation54-8, 85-7
Central Association for Mental Welfare112
Central Schools17
Character training202
Characteristics of children22, 34
Child guidance94
Child Guidance Clinics88
Cinema, effects of (see also Films)58
Circular, the Board's of 28 January 1925 (1350)61, 64
Class libraries119, 159
Class teaching152
Classification of children
    according to body build28
    according to mental capacities34, 77
    at the age of eleven124, 130
    at the time of transfer from infant school78, 123
    of retarded children84
Classrooms, care of185, 193, 202
Clothes, drying of117, 201
Cobbett, William101
Cockerton Judgement15
Co-education54, 77
Colour190, 195
Combined schools62, 66, 68
Commissions and Committees, Reports of Official
    The 'Newcastle' Commission 1858-18619
    The 'Cross' Commission 1886-8813
    Departmental Committee's Report on the Teaching of English in England158
    Departmental Committee's Report on the Training of Teachers (1925)108
    Report of the Joint Committee on Mental Deficiency (1929)84

[page 282]

Common schools91
Composition (see Written composition and Oral expression)
Compulsory examinations124
Conclusions and recommendations133-4
Conferences between primary and secondary schools71
Constructive activities49, 50, 97, 195
Constructive imagination41
Contents of children's minds41
Convalescence28
Cook, Rev. FC4
Co-operation between the two sections of primary education71
Corporate life202
County Councils Association65, 112, 126
Coupin (see Anthony and Coupin)
Courses for Teachers
    of retarded children111
    third year111
    vacation111
    weekend111
Craftwork97, 191, 195-9
Cupboards118
Curiosity44, 49, 51
Curriculum
    examinations and the131
    for retarded children203
    in primary schools91
    suggestions on teaching of the various branches of150
Cursive writing194
Dancing95
Deductive reasoning42
Dement30
Design45, 195
Desks118
Detection of retardation87
Dialect157
Dictation160
Diseases of childhood26
Dramatic work51, 95, 163
Drawing
    and historical work170
    experiments on aesthetic development by means of45
    spontaneous51, 189
    teaching of97, 189
Drying clothes and boots117, 201
Ductless glands (see Glands)
Dull or backward children (see Retarded children)

[page 283]

Educable defective children (see Retarded children)
Education circles111
Education Department13
Efficiency of schools, testing of131
Eliminative examinations125
Emotional qualities of children47
Endocrine glands (see Glands)
English
    in schools in Wales165-7
    the teaching of155-65
Environment, influence of54-8, 87, 203
Equipment118
Eurhythmia95
Examinations (see also Compulsory examinations, Eliminative examinations and Free Place Examination)130-2
Extraneous causes of retardation86
Fatiguability, physical and mental32, 38
Fatigue and weariness38, 55
Films (see also Cinema)121
Final Certificate Examination108
Findlay, Prof JJ8
Foreign language12
Fraser, Rev J (afterwards Bishop of Manchester)13
Free Place Examination61, 67, 123
Froebel4, 69
Function of the primary school73
Games and physical exercises
    differentiation for sexes in32, 37, 77, 201
    playing fields for122
    teaching of200-1
Gardening (see also School gardens)199
Genital type of growth24
Geography100, 171-4
Geometrical reasoning43
Geometry, simple100, 178
Germany91
Gesell33
Gill, John4
Glands32
Grammar163-5
Gramophones121, 188
Group teaching in rural schools80-2
Group work103, 152
Hall, Prof Stanley D33, 39
Handicraft
    for retarded pupils205

[page 284]

    history and170
    teaching of in primary schools50, 97, 194-9
Handwriting99, 143-4
Harmony36
Harris, Prof HA22, 222
Head Teachers
    of primary schools107
    of small rural schools113
Health education201
Hearing36
Height and weight of children24-5
'Helpers'202
Higher Elementary Schools15
Higher Grade Schools13
Higher mental capacities37-42
History99, 167-71
Holland7
Home and Colonial Society3
Hygiene (see Health education)
Illustrations120, 170, 174
Imagery and ideas40-2
Imitation44
Individual attention in rural schools80
Individual methods152
Inductive reasoning43
'Inert ideas'92
Infants
    age of break between the two sections of primary education61, 64
    in rural schools68
    methods of teaching in infant schools66, 67, 69-70, 78
    schools3, 8
    separate departments for62-8
Innate causes of retardation85
Inspectorate111
Instincts48, 50, 53
Instructions to Inspectors14
Intelligence Tests
    group35, 127
    use of for classifying infants123
    use of in oral tests128
Interests39, 47-52, 101, 153
Internal organisation of primary schools77-82
Junior Divisions6
Junior Schools1, 11, 66
Lancaster, Joseph3

[page 285]

Language
    English95-6, 155-65
    Welsh165-7
Lantern, magic121
'Less retarded' children89-90
Lettering191
Literature99, 162-3
Lloyd, Dr54
Loans to Uncertificated Teachers114
Lockers119
Logical criticism43
London Teachers Association76
Lovett, William8
Lowe Code (see Revised Code of 1862)
Lowe, Robert9
Lymphatic glands (see Glands)
Lymphoid type of growth23
Magic lantern121
Manners95, 203
Manual dexterity and skill36, 97
Maps172-3
Mathematics (see also Arithmetic and simple geometry)100, 103
Mayo, Rev3
Meals
    conduct of school203
    facilities in schools for taking117
Medical inspection, separate room for117
Medical Officers of Schools Association75, 117
Melodic taste187
Melody36
Memoranda, pamphlets, etc., official
    The New Prospect in Education (1928)19, 64
    Memorandum on Scholarships and Free Places (1928)124
    Memorandum on Educational Tests for admission to Secondary Schools (Wales) (1930)124
Memory34, 39-40
Memory drill40
Mental development in children33-58
'Mentally defective' children84
Metalwork199
Methods of teaching in primary schools150-4
Mill, James3
Mills, RW28
'Mixed' Departments14
Modelling199
Monitorial schools3
Monitors7
Montessori69
'More retarded' children88-9

[page 286]

Morrison, Thomas7
Movement37
Muscle sense36
Muscular development27
Museums120
Music99, 121, 186-8
Musical appreciation47, 188
National Association of Inspectors of Schools and Educational Organisers76
National Federation of Class Teachers76
National Society2
National Union of Agricultural Workers118
National Union of Teachers68, 76, 124
National Union of Women Teachers51
Nature walks184
Needlework98, 198
Nervous system, development of29-31
Neural type of growth23
New Education Fellowship54, 76
Nomenclatureiii
Numbers, simple properties of178
Nursery schools and classes62, 92
One stage examinations125
Open air
    classwork and activity94
    principle applied to premises for primary schools118
Oral expression96, 156
Oral tests128
Owen, Robert3
Parents
    Associations94, 203
    co-operation between schools and203
    stimulating the interest of130
Pattern making46, 191
Peripatetic teachers111
Pestalozzi3
Pets184
Physical causes of retardation86
Physical culture94
Physical development of children22-32
Physical training and games (see also Games and physical exercises)94, 200-1
Physical welfare and efficiency94
Piaget, Dr Jean33, 49
Piano playing187
Pianos121, 188

[page 287]

Pictures (see Illustrations)
Plato95
Play, children's50-1
Playing fields122
Playroom for young children117
Poetry162
Practical activities, rooms for117, 197
Premises116-8, 201
Preparations for examinations131
Preparatory schools127
Presentation of subjects40-1
Primary Education
    co-operation between other stages and71-2
    existing arrangements for61-2
    historical treatment of18
    relation between the infant and secondary stages and68, 92
Primary Schools
    aim and scope of60, 70-1, 150
    curriculum in91-106
    establishment as educational unit of60, 73
    historical treatment of5
Print script193
Private reading159
Probation of teachers109
Project method102-5
Psychological data and evidence
    bearing on the age of transfer from infant schools69-70
    regarding the need for separate schools64
    regarding children between seven and eleven33-58
    regarding retarded children83-5
Public libraries119
Pupil teachers7, 16
Range of intelligence34-5
Raup, Prof RB102
Reading
    aloud96-159
    silent158-9
    spontaneous52
Reasoning42-4
Recapitulation theory33, 49
Recommendations and conclusions133-49
Records, school129, 130
Relations, perception of42
Religious Education154-5
Reorganisation of schools
    benefits derived from the73
    premises and the116
    progress of19, 61
    teachers and the108-9

[page 288]

Reports on pupils
    leaving infant departments87
    to parents130, 203
Reproductive imagination40
Rest, facilities in schools for27, 32, 75, 201
Retarded children
    curriculum and methods of teaching for203-6
    definition of83-4
    main causes of retardation54-8, 85-7
    provision in primary schools for77, 88-90
    teachers for111-2
Revised Code of 18629
Rhythm36, 45, 187, 191
Rigg, Rev JH11
Rural schools
    break at seven in68
    facilities for taking meals in117
    methods of teaching in102, 153
    organisation in79-82
    retarded children in85
    teachers for infants in81
    training of teachers for110
    supplementary teachers in114
    uncertificated teachers in112
    use for probationary experience110
Sanitary arrangements118
Scholarships (see also Free Place Examination)16
School
    gardens183, 199
    kitchens117, 201
    libraries119
    life13
    records123, 129, 130
School Medical Officers Association75, 117
Science100, 186
Scotland91
Script writing193
Secondary schools, co-operation with primary schools71-2
Senior Divisions6
Senior Schools11
Sensory capacities35-7
Separate departments for infants and older children62-8
Sex differences
    bearing of in physical exercises and games200-1
    in intellect and emotions52-4
    in play50
    in reading52

[page 289]

    in touch and movement37
    skeletal31-2
Shuttleworth, Sir James Kay7
Sites for new primary schools117
Size of classes
    for normal children75-6, 77, 107
    for retarded children90
Skeletal type of growth23
Sleep, lack of55
Songs186
Spasitsch, VJ105
Spearman, Prof CE42
Special aptitudes, assessment of126, 129
'Special Schools'88
Specialist system in primary schools108
Speech and speech training96, 156-7, 187
Spelling160
Staff meetings71
Staff notation188
Staffing of primary schools107
Standardised scholastic tests34, 35, 123
Statistics19-20
Stereoscopes121
Stow, David6
Stratification theory33
Study of Nature182-6
Sub-normal children (see Retarded children)
Subjects
    approach to in the primary school44, 101-5
    of the Free Place Examination126-7
Suggestibility44
Supplementary Courses112
Supplementary Teachers114
Tables, arithmetical38, 176, 179
Teachers
    allocation of young109
    for primary schools108-9, 110
    for retarded children111-2
    immobilisation of107
    supplementary114
    training of108
    Uncertificated (see also under Head Teachers)112-4
    visiting89, 111
Teaching practice110
Teaching proficiency, facilities for improving111, 113
Team work202
'Three Rs'91, 104

[page 290]

Time charts170
Tool subjects104
Touch37
Training Colleges
    and teaching practice in small rural schools110
    and provision for uncertificated teachers114
    courses in108, 111
Training of teachers108
Transcription162
Transfer between the two sections of primary education27, 61, 68, 74
Transfer from primary to secondary schools59-61
Transition between the two sections of primary education64, 66, 67, 69, 74, 107, 193, 197
Uncertificated Teachers112-4
Urban areas, retarded children in84
Vacation courses111
Vision35, 56
Visits to places of interest50, 102, 121
Visits of teachers to schools72, 74, 114
Visual aids to teaching120-1
Visualisation40
Vocalisation96
Wales165-7
Washburne Dr105
Water
    provision of drinking118
    provision for washing of hot118, 201
Weaving198
Weekend courses111
Welsh (see Language)
Wet clothes and boots, treatment of117, 201
Whitehead, Prof92
Willm J5
Winnetka105
Wittich W5
Woodwork199
Written composition161

Appendix III