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Rumbold (1990) Notes on the text Preliminary pages Correspondence, Contents, Membership |
The Rumbold Report (1990)
Starting with quality The report of the Committee of Inquiry into the quality of the educational experience offered to 3 and 4 year olds, chaired by Mrs Angela Rumbold CBE MP London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office 1990
ISBN 0 11 270721 1
Annexes Annex 1 Evidence received
Evidence received from organisations Association of Educational Psychologists
Evidence received from individuals Mr C Blyth and Mr F Wallace
Annex 2 Statistics
Table 1: Numbers of Places in Day Nurseries* - England
Table 2: Numbers of Places with Childminders - England
Table 3: Numbers of Places in Playgroups - England
Table 4: Numbers of Providers of Sessional and Day Care - England
Table 5: Numbers of Under Fives in School - England
Table 6: Ages of Pupils in Maintained Schools - England (thousands)
Table 7: Maintained Nursery Education: Institutions and Staffing - England
Notes *Figures for private nursery schools - which provide entirely or almost entirely for the under fives - are incorporated in those for day nurseries. **Figures are not available on a compatible basis for 1979 and earlier years.
Annex 3 Childcare services in member states of the European Community
WEST GERMANY 0-2 years 3 per cent of children in publicly-funded services divided between 'Nurseries' (1.5 per cent); and 2 year olds in 'Kindergartens', 4 hours a day. Also 5000 children in parent-run nurseries (Krabbelstuben), some of which receive some public funds; and some 4000 children in 'other family care' have fees subsidised from public funds. 'Other family caregivers' and 'nurseries' not publicly funded should be registered and supervised by public authorities. 3-5 years 60 per cent+ of children in 'Kindergarten' (1.33 million children attend, which is equal to 74 per cent of 3-5 year olds, but actual proportion of 3-5s attending is lower because some 2 and 6 year olds included in 1.33 million). 12 per cent of children attend full-time 'kindergartens' open 8 hours a day. Rest attend 4-6 hours a day. In addition, 6 per cent of 5-6 year olds in 'Pre-Primary Schooling'. 6-10 years Children attend primary school for 4-5 hours a day, up to 12.00 or 13.00. Starting and finishing hours irregular. 'Centre-based outside school hours care' for 3 per cent of 6-10 year olds. FRANCE 0-2 years 20-25 per cent of children in publicly-funded services. Divided between 'Nurseries' (4 per cent); 'Organised other family care' (2 per cent); and places for 17 per cent (half of 2 year olds) in 'Pre-Primary Schooling'. In addition, places for 2 per cent in haltes-garderies, but these places are used on a part-time basis, so provide for far more children. 'Other family caregivers' and 'nurseries' not publicly funded should be registered and supervised by public authorities. 3-5 years 95 per cent+ in 'Pre-Primary Schooling'; available 8 hours a day. 'School-Based Outside School' care available. Also small number (less than 1 per cent) in 'Kindergartens'. 6-10 years Attend primary school for same hours as 'pre-primary schooling', that is 08.30 to 16.30. 'School-Based Outside School Hours Care' available. Limited tax relief on childcare costs for children up to 7, plus grant for parents using 'own home' or registered 'other family care' to cover social security contributions for caregiver. ITALY 0-2 years 5 per cent of children in publicly-funded services. All in 'Nurseries'. 'Nurseries' that are not publicly-funded should be registered, but not 'other family caregivers'. 3-5 years 88 per cent of children in 'Pre-Primary Schooling'. Most (66 per cent) in schools available over 7 hours a day, and 55 per cent attend over 7 hours a day. Nearly all other children in schools available 4-7 hours a day. Some schools provide 'Outside School Hours' care. 6-10 years Most attend primary school for 4 hours a day, up to 12.00 or 12.30, though some schools have longer day. Some 'School-Based Outside School Hours' care, but not common. NETHERLANDS 0-2 years 1-2 per cent of children in publicly-funded services. Nearly all in 'Nurseries' or 'Pre-School and School Age Centres'. Although open all day, many children attend part-time. Also a few children in 'Other Family Care' have fees subsidised from public funds. In addition, 8 per cent (a quarter of 2 year olds) attend 'Playcentres', see below. 'Nurseries', 'playcentres' and 'other family caregivers' that are not publicly funded do not have to be registered. Recent rapid increase in childcare services funded by employers. Nearly all for children under 4 and cover less than 1 per cent of this age group. 3-4 years 50 per cent of children in publicly-funded services. Most (49 per cent) in 'Early Primary Schooling', which nearly all 4 year olds attend; available 5-7 hours a day depending on whether school (or centre) provides lunchtime supervision. A few (1 per cent) in 'Nurseries' which take children up to 4. 'Centre-Based Outside School Hours Care' for less than 1 per cent of 4 year olds. In addition, 25 per cent (a half of 3 year olds) attend 'Playcentres', 5-6 hours a week on average. Over 90 per cent of 'playcentres' are publicly-funded and grants on average cover 45 per cent of costs. 5-10 years Compulsory school starts at 5 and children must attend for at least 12 hours a week in their first year. Full school day is generally 09.00 - 16.00 with two hour lunch break. Supervision during lunchtime break organised by parents in schools where parents ask for this provision; also provided in centres for a small proportion of children. Increasing number of schools operate 'continuous timetable', with a shorter lunch break and an earlier finish. About 1 per cent of age group receive publicly-funded 'Outside School Hours Care' in centres. Limited tax relief for childcare costs. BELGIUM 0-2 years 20-25 per cent of children in publicly-funded services. Full-time places for 5 per cent of children in 'Nurseries' but many of these places used on a part-time basis so serve more children; and for 3 per cent in 'Organised Other Family Care'. 9 per cent (a quarter of 2 year olds) attend 'Pre-Primary Schooling'. 'Other family caregivers' and 'nurseries' that are not publicly funded should be registered and supervised by public authorities. 3-5 years 95 per cent+ of children in 'Pre-Primary Schooling' which is available 5-6 hours a day, depending on whether school provides lunchtime supervision. 'Outside School Hours Care' provided in substantial proportion of schools and 'Organised Other Family Care' in Flemish area. 6-10 years Children attend primary school from 08.30 - 15.30. Lunchtime supervision and 'Outside School Hours Care' provided in substantial proportion of schools. LUXEMBOURG 0-2 years Less than 1 per cent of children in publicly-funded services, in 'Pre-School and School Age Centres'. 'Other family caregivers' and 'nurseries' that are not publicly-funded are not registered. 3-4 years 48 per cent of children in publicly-funded services. Nearly all 4 year olds in 'Pre-Primary Schooling', which is available 3½-6 hours a day (hours vary on different days). Some schools are beginning to provide lunch, which extends school day by 2 hours. Less than 1 per cent of 3 year olds in 'Pre-School and School Age Centres', which also provide lunch and 'Outside School Hours Care' for less than 1 per cent of 4 year olds. 5-10 years The second year of 'Pre-Primary Schooling' for 5 year olds, is compulsory. Hours are the same as for 'primary school' - 08.00-16.30 three days a week. Some schools are beginning to provide lunch. A small proportion, probably under 2 per cent, receive 'Outside School Hours Care', in 'Pre-School and School Age Centres'. Limited tax relief to parents for childcare costs. UNITED KINGDOM 0-2 years 2 per cent of children in publicly-funded services. Divided between 'Nurseries' and 2½ year olds in 'Pre-Primary Schooling'. Also some children (5600 aged 0-4) in 'other family care' or 'nurseries' have fees subsidised from public funds. In addition, an estimated 5-10 per cent (all 2 year olds) attend 'Playcentres'. See below. 'Other family caregivers' and 'nurseries' that are not publicly-funded should be registered and supervised by public authorities: in practice, most are registered. 3-4 years 44 per cent of children in publicly-funded services. Divided between 'Pre-Primary Schooling' which most (19 per cent) attend part-time for 2½ hours a day; 'Early Primary Schooling' (20 per cent) for 4 year olds which most (19 per cent) attend full-time for 6-6½ hours a day; 'Nurseries' (1 per cent) which take children up to compulsory school age. In addition, an estimated 40-45 per cent attend 'Playcentres', 5-6 hours a week on average. Only 1 in 4 'playcentres' are publicly-funded and grants on average cover less than half of costs. 5-10 years Children attend primary school from 09.00 - 15.30, with a supervised lunchtime break of 1½ hours. Publicly-funded 'Outside School Hours Care' for less than 1 per cent. DENMARK 7-10 years Children attend primary school for 3-5 hours a day, mostly during the morning. Starting and finishing hours are irregular. Publicly-funded 'Outside School Hours Care' provided for a fifth of children, mostly in centres but some school-based. GREECE 0-2 years 2-3 per cent of children in publicly-funded services. Divided between 'Nurseries' (1 per cent); and 2½ year olds in 'Kindergartens'. 'Nurseries' and 'kindergartens' that are not publicly-funded should be registered. 62 per cent of children in publicly-funded services. Divided between 'Kindergartens' (17 per cent) which are available 8 hours a day, mostly for children up to 4, though some take children up to compulsory school age; and 'Pre-Primary Schooling' (45 per cent) which is available 3½ hours a day for children aged 4 and 5. Very little 'Outside School Hours Care'. 5½-10 years Children attend primary school for 20 hours a week for first 3 years, then for 24-26 hours. Many attend on a shift basis. Virtually no publicly-funded 'Outside School Hours Care'. PORTUGAL 0-2 years 4 per cent of children in publicly-funded services. Mainly in 'Nurseries', but some in 'Organised Other Family Care' which has been recently introduced. 'Nurseries' that are not publicly-funded should be registered; 'other family caregivers' are not registered. 3-5 years 25 per cent of children in publicly-funded services. Divided between 'Kindergartens' (13 per cent) which are available 8 hours or more a day; and 'Pre-Primary Schooling' (12 per cent) which is available 5-7 hours a day depending on whether school provides lunchtime supervision. 6-10 years Children attend primary school for 5 hours a day. Most attend on a shift basis. Publicly-funded 'Centre-Based Outside School Hours Care' for 3 per cent of children aged 6-11. SPAIN 0-2 years No information on per cent of children in publicly-funded 'Nurseries'. 5 per cent of 2 year olds in 'Pre-Primary Schooling'. 'Nurseries' and 'other family caregivers' not publicly-funded are not registered. 3-5 years 66 per cent of children in 'Pre-Primary Schooling', most of which is for 4 and 5 year olds in which age group 90 per cent attend. Schooling available 3-8 hours a day, depending on whether school provides lunchtime supervision. Also an unknown per cent attend publicly-funded 'Nurseries', some of which take children up to 4, some up to 6. 6-10 years Children attend primary school for same hours as 'Pre-Primary Schooling', that is from 09.00 to 17.00 with a 3 hour lunch break, though schools increasingly provide lunch and supervision during this break. No publicly-funded 'Outside School Hours Care' except for some schemes in summer holidays. NB Information for 1985 or 1986 (Moss, P. 1988, Childcare and Equality of Opportunity) 
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